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1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 28(1): 151-156, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042494

ABSTRACT

Abstract Occurrence of infection or exposure to Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis and Rickettsia spp. was detected in feral cats living in two fragments from Atlantic rainforest, in Natal, RN, Brazil, and in dogs living around the parks. While serum samples were collected from 155 animals (53 cats living in the parks; 29 dogs living in human homes around the parks; and 73 dogs living at an animal control center - ACC), spleen samples were collected from 20 dogs that were euthanized at ACC. Serum samples were analyzed to Rickettsia spp. and E. canis antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. Seventeen of the 102 dogs (17%) had E. canis antibodies and 13% (20/155) of all dogs and cats (i.e. 3% (3/102) of the dogs and 32% (17/53) of the cats) were seropositive for Rickettsia spp. antigens. The animals were therefore been exposed to R. amblyommatis or by a very closely related genotype. Among the 20 dog spleen samples analyzed, eight were PCR positive for E. canis and two for H. canis (GenBank accession number MG772657 and MG772658, respectively). In none of the spleen samples were obtained amplicons for Babesia spp. through PCR. This study provided the first evidence that Rickettsia of the spotted fever group is circulating among dogs and cats in Natal.


Resumo A ocorrência de infecção ou exposição para Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis e Rickettsia spp. foi determinada em gatos ferais que viviam em dois fragmentos da Mata Atlântica, localizados em Natal, RN, Brasil e em cães que viviam em torno dos parques e em outras regiões da cidade. Enquanto amostras de soro foram coletadas de 155 animais (53 gatos que viviam nos parques, 29 cães com domicilio em torno dos parques e 73 cães do Centro de Controle de Animais -CCA), fragmentos de baço foram coletados de 20 cães eutanasiados no CCA. A detecção de anticorpos nas amostras de soros coletadas contra Rickettsia spp. e E. canis foi realizada pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta. Dezessete dos 102 cães (17%) apresentaram anticorpos anti E. canis e 13% (20/155) de todos os cães e gatos (ou seja, 3% (3/102) dos cães e 32% (17/53) dos gatos) foram soropositivos para antígenos de Rickettsia spp. Os animais foram considerados expostos à R. amblyommatis ou a um genótipo muito relacionado. Entre as 20 amostras de baço de cães analisadas, oito foram positivas para E. canis e duas para Hepatozoon canis (números de acesso ao Genbank MG772657 e MG772658, respectivamente). Nenhuma das amostras de baço produziram amplicons de Babesia spp. na PCR. Observou-se, pela primeira vez, a circulação de Rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa em cães e gatos em Natal, RN.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Rickettsia Infections/veterinary , Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Ehrlichiosis/veterinary , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Rickettsia/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cat Diseases/parasitology , Forests , Eucoccidiida/immunology , Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology , Coccidiosis/diagnosis , Coccidiosis/epidemiology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Ehrlichia canis/immunology , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology
2.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 34(2): 268-272, abr.-jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-991598

ABSTRACT

Para determinar la prevalencia de anticuerpos a Rickettsia y Ehrlichia, relacionada a contacto reciente y pasado, en localidades fronterizas de los departamentos Loreto, Madre de Dios, Tumbes y Tacna, durante los años 2010 y 2011, se llevaron a cabo encuestas para evaluación serológica empleando el ensayo de inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI), a fin de detectar inmunoglobulinas G (IgG) e inmunoglobulinas totales (IgA+IgM+IgG) en 1634 personas. Se encontró una prevalencia de contacto reciente para Ehrlichia de 3,7% (IC95%: 3,0-4,4) y para Rickettsia de 10,6% (IC95%: 9,112,1), y de contacto pasado para Ehrlichia de 19,0% (IC95%: 17,1-21,0) y para Rickettsia de 23,3% (IC95: 21,2-25,3). Se concluye, que existe una mayor prevalencia para contacto o infección pasada en la población estudiada, tanto para Rickettsia como para Ehrlichia, lo cual nos estaría indicando un comportamiento endémico de ambos agentes infecciosos en las áreas geográficas mencionadas.


To determine the prevalence of antibodies to Rickettsia and Ehrlichia, related to recent and past contact, in the border towns of the departments Loreto, Madre de Dios, Tumbes and Tacna, during the years 2010 and 2011, surveys for serological evaluation were carried out using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF), in order to detect immunoglobulins G (IgG) and Total immunoglobulins (IgA + IgM + IgG) in 1634 persons. A recent contact prevalence was found for Ehrlichia of 3.7% (CI 95%: 3.0-4.4) and for Rickettsia of 10.6% (CI 95%: 9.1-12.1), and past contact for Ehrlichia of 19.0% (CI 95%: 17.1-21.0) and for Rickettsia of 23.3% (CI 95%: 21.2-25.3). It is concluded that there is a higher prevalence for past contact or infection in the population studied, both for Rickettsia and Ehrlichia, which would indicate an endemic behavior to both infectious agents in the geographic areas mentioned.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Rickettsia/immunology , Ehrlichia/immunology , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Peru , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(2): 211-215, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899272

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aims of our study was to identify Ehrlichia canis and antibodies against Rickettsia spp. belonging to the spotted fever group (SFG) in dogs sampled from Paraiba state, northeastern Brazil. Blood and serum samples collected by convenience from dogs in urban areas of five municipalities were analyzed by real-time PCR for the detection of E. canis DNA and by immunofluorescence assay test (IFAT) for the identification of antibodies against Rickettsia rickettsii, R. felis, R. parkeri, R. amblyommii and R. rhipicephali antigens. E. canis DNA was detected in 8.9% (64/719) of the blood samples, whereas 5.63% (43/763) of the serum samples were positive for at least one of the Rickettsia antigens tested by IFAT. This study showed for the first time the occurrence of E. canis and suggested the circulation of SFG Rickettsia in dogs in the study region of Paraiba state, northeastern Brazil.


Resumo Os objetivos do nosso estudo foram identificar Ehrlichia canis e anticorpos contra Rickettsia spp. pertencentes ao Grupo da Febre Maculosa (GFM) em cães amostrados no estado da Paraíba, nordeste do Brasil. As amostras de sangue e soro, coletados por conveniência, de cães em áreas urbanas de cinco municípios foram analisadas por PCR em tempo real para a detecção de DNA de E. canis e pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) para identificação de anticorpos contra Rickettsia rickettsii, R. felis, R. parkeri, R. amblyommii e R. rhipicephali. O DNA de E. canis foi detectado em 8,9% (64/719) das amostras de sangue, enquanto que 5,63% (43/763) das amostras de soro foram positivas para pelo menos um dos antígenos de Rickettsia testados por RIFI. Este estudo mostrou pela primeira vez a ocorrência de E. canis e sugere a circulação de Rickettsia do GFM em cães na região em estudo do estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Rickettsia/immunology , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Rickettsia rickettsii/immunology , Brazil , DNA, Bacterial/blood , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Antigens, Bacterial/blood
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(3): 399-403, May-June 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041414

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION The epidemiology of Rickettsia and Ehrlichia species infection is underestimated in Mato Grosso State. METHODS: Serum samples obtained during a Dengue outbreak in 2011-2012 were tested via indirect immunofluorescence and/or ELISA. RESULTS: Samples from 19/506 (3.8%) patients presented antibodies for at least one of three Rickettsia species; 2/506 (0.4%) samples reacted against Ehrlichia canis. Most afflicted patients are residents of cities from the south-central region of the state, where these diseases have been reported in animals. CONCLUSIONS: These results show serological evidence of human exposure to Rickettsia and Ehrlichia species in Mato Grosso State.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Rickettsia/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology , Ehrlichia/immunology , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Middle Aged
5.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 37(1): 52-57, jan. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-837455

ABSTRACT

A Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma doença infecciosa, transmitida por carrapatos ao homem. Uma nova riquetsiose humana foi descrita como causadora de Febre Maculosa no Estado de São Paulo, sendo denominada de Rickettsia sp. cepa Mata Atlântica. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo detectar e identificar proteínas com potencial de estimular o sistema imune de hospedeiro mamífero, desta nova cepa descrita. Para tanto, foi realizado a extração proteica total de Rickettsia sp. cepa Mata Atlântica. As proteínas extraídas foram fracionadas por eletroforese. As bandas proteicas foram transferidas para membranas de nitrocelulose por migração elétrica e submetidas à técnica de Western-blot, para detecção proteica. Ao todo sete proteínas imunorreativas foram detectadas. Duas proteínas apresentaram maior abundancia, com peso molecular, de 200 e 130 kDa respectivamente. Através da comparação de mapas proteômicos existentes e pelo peso molecular que estas proteínas apresentaram, sugere-se que as duas proteínas detectadas representem rOmpA (200 kDa) e rOmpB (130 kDa). As demais proteínas detectadas apresentaram menor ocorrência e peso molecular inferior a 78 kDa, podendo representar membros da família de antígenos de superfície celular (Sca - Surface cell antigen). As proteínas detectadas poderão servir como base de estudo na elaboração de métodos diagnósticos sensíveis e específicos, no desenvolvimento de vacinas, além de possibilitarem novos estudos para terapias mais eficazes.(AU)


Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is an infectious disease transmitted by ticks to humans. A new human rickettsial infection was reported to cause spotted fever in the State of São Paulo and was named Rickettsia sp. Strain Atlantic Forest. This study aimed to detect and identify proteins with potential to stimulate the immune system of mammalian host of this new strain described. Therefore, we performed total protein extraction Rickettsia sp. Strain Atlantic Forest. The extracted proteins were fractionated by electrophoresis. The protein bands were transferred to nitrocellulose membrane by electrical migration and subjected to Western blot for protein detection. In all, seven immunoreactive proteins were detected. Two proteins showed higher abundance, with molecular weight of 200 and 130 kDa respectively. By comparing existing proteomic maps and the molecular weight of these proteins showed that, it is suggested that the two proteins detected representing rOmpA (200 kDa) and rOmpB (130 kDa). The other detected proteins had lower occurrence and molecular weight less than 78 kDa, which may represent members of the cell surface antigens Family (Sca - Surface cell antigen). The detected proteins may serve as a study based on the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic methods in the development of vaccines and they enable further studies to more effective therapies.(AU)


Subject(s)
Immunogenetic Phenomena , Proteins/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/immunology , Rickettsia/immunology , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/diagnosis , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/immunology
6.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 25(4): 394-400, Sept.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830032

ABSTRACT

Abstract Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is a fatal zoonosis because of the difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment. Occurrences of BSF in the northeast of the state of Paraná prompted investigation of areas at risk of this rickettsiosis in the municipalities of Japira, Jaboti, Pinhalão and Tomazina. To determine the areas at risk, 592 serum samples from dogs and 230 from equids were analyzed by means of the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for Rickettsia rickettsii and R. parkeri . In addition, risk probability maps were drawn up using the kriging indicator technique. Among the samples tested, 5.3% (43/822) indicated presence of antibodies reactive to at least one of the two Rickettsia species tested: 7.8% of the equids (18/230) and 4.2% of the dogs (25/592) were positive. Geostatistical analysis showed that the average seropositivity rate was 5 to 6%. Although the average seropositivity rates observed among these dogs and equids were lower than those reported from endemic areas of Brazil, the biotic components (etiological agent, vector and reservoirs) and environmental aspects of BSF epidemiology were present in these municipalities.


Resumo A febre maculosa brasileira (FMB) é uma zoonose fatal devido às dificuldades para diagnosticá-la e tratá-la precocemente. A ocorrência de casos de FMB no Estado do Paraná suscitou a investigação de áreas de risco desta rickettsiose nos municípios de Japira, Jaboti, Pinhalão e Tomazina, na mesorregião norte pioneiro do Paraná. Para determinar as áreas de risco foram analisadas amostras de soro de 592 cães e 230 equídeos submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta para Rickettsia rickettsii e R. parkeri. Além disto, foram construídos mapas de probabilidade de risco pela técnica de krigagem indicatriz. Das amostras testadas 5,3% (43/822) continham anticorpos para pelo menos uma das duas rickettsias testadas. Os equídeos apresentaram uma positividade de 7,8% (18/230) e os cães de 4,2% (25/592). A análise geoestatística mostrou que a soropositividade média é de 5 a 6%. Embora as soropositividade médias de cães e equídeos constatadas tenham sido menores do que as relatadas em áreas endêmicas do território brasileiro, os componentes bióticos (agente etiológico, vetor e reservatórios) e ambientais da epidemiologia da FMB se fazem presentes nos municípios referidos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Rickettsia/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/veterinary , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/veterinary , Equidae/blood , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Rickettsia rickettsii/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/diagnosis , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/epidemiology , Probability , Equidae/immunology , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Dog Diseases/epidemiology
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 49(5): 567-571, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-798124

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION Brazilian spotted fever is an infectious disease with a high mortality rate if not treated early. Differential diagnosis is difficult, as the first clinical signs are non-specific and can be confused with other diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate evidence of infection with Rickettsia rickettsii and Rickettsia parkeri in negative sera samples, collected in 2014, from patients with suspected leptospirosis, dengue fever, and meningococcal disease in Atibaia and Bragança Paulista municipalities of the State of São Paulo. METHODS The samples stored at the Institute Adolfo Lutz in Campinas were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with IgG and IgM against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was performed for the sera samples of patients who died (n = 3), those with initial suspicion of meningococcal disease (n = 6), and those with positive IFA results. RESULTS Of 258 samples from Bragança Paulista, 4 (1.6%) were positive, with IgG titers of 1:64 and 1:128 against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri, respectively. Of 155 samples from Atibaia, 2 (1.3%) were positive, with IgG titers of 1:64 and 1:128 against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri, respectively. No sample showed positive PCR results. CONCLUSIONS This serological investigation suggests there is evidence of exposure to Rickettsia spp. in residents of areas that have environmental conditions favorable to the spread of bacteria, in which Brazilian spotted fever incidence was not previously confirmed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Rickettsia/immunology , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Rickettsia/classification , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Prevalence , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
8.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 24(1): 28-35, Jan-Mar/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-744665

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated exposure and infection by tick-borne agents (Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis and Rickettsia spp.) in 172 dogs in rural areas and 150 dogs in urban areas of the municipality of Chapadinha, state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, using molecular and serological methods. Overall, 16.1% of the sampled dogs (52/322) were seroreactive to B. vogeli, with endpoint titers ranging from 40 to 640. For E. canis, 14.6% of the dogs (47/322) were seroreactive, with endpoint titers from 80 to 163,840. Antibodies reactive to at least one of the five species of Rickettsia were detected in 18.9% of the dogs (61/322), with endpoint titers ranging from 64 to 4,096. High endpoint titers were observed for Rickettsia amblyommii. Three (0.9%) and nine (2.8%) canine blood samples were PCR-positive for Babesia spp. and E. canis. The ticks collected from urban dogs were all Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, whereas the rural dogs were infested by R. sanguineus s.l, Amblyomma cajennense sensu lato and Amblyomma ovale. One A. ovale tick was found to be infected by Rickettsia bellii. This study provides an epidemiological background for controlling and preventing canine tick-borne diseases in a neglected region of Brazil.


Este estudo avaliou por métodos sorológicos e moleculares a exposição e infecção por agentes transmitidos por carrapatos (Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, and Rickettsia spp.) em 172 cães de áreas rurais e 150 cães de áreas urbanas do município de Chapadinha, Estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil. No geral, 16,1% dos cães amostrados (52/322) apresentaram soros reagentes para B. vogeli, com títulos finais variando de 40 a 640. Para E. canis, 14,6% cães (47/322) apresentaram soros reagentes com títulos finais de 80 a 163,840. Anticorpos reativos para pelo menos uma das cinco espécies de Rickettsia foram detectados em 18,9% dos cães (61/322), com os títulos que variam de 64 a 4096. Foram observados altos títulos para Rickettsia amblyommii. Três amostras de sangue canino (0,9%) e 9 (2,8%) foram PCR positivas para Babesia spp e E. canis. Os carrapatos coletados de cães urbanos eram todos Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensulato, e os cães rurais estavam infestados por R. sanguineus s.l , Amblyomma cajennense sensu lato e Amblyomma ovale. Um carrapato A. ovale foi encontrado infectado por Rickettsia bellii. Este estudo fornece um conhecimento epidemiológico para o controle e prevenção de doenças transmitidas por carrapatos de cães em uma região negligenciada do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Rickettsia/genetics , Rickettsia/immunology , Babesia/genetics , Babesia/immunology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Ehrlichia canis/genetics , Ehrlichia canis/immunology , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Brazil , DNA, Bacterial , Cross-Sectional Studies , DNA, Protozoan
9.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 33(supl.1): 31-37, set. 2013. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-695794

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Since the middle of last century, cases of rickettsiosis have been found in Panamá when outbreaks of murine typhus and spotted fever were reported. Since then, little information exists about its prevalence in this country, since it is most often is misdiagnosed as another disease. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the presence of Rickettsia infections in humans in three locations in Panamá. These locations are agricultural areas, near forested areas or those who work in zoo. Materials and methods: Three locations where chosen for this study: Tortí, El Valle de Antón and workers in the Summit Municipal Park in Panamá City. All volunteers signed an informed consent and answered a questionnaire. The samples were analyzed for the detection of rickettsial spotted fever and typhus group by the indirect immunofluorescence (using commercial kits) and antigens of Rickettsia rickettsii and R. amblyommii. Results: Blood samples were taken from 97 volunteers in Tortí (25), El Valle de Anton (37) and Summit Municipal Park (35). Of these, a total of 38 (39%) samples reacted to one of the two methods: eight (32%) in Tortí, 18 (48%) in El valle and 12 (34%) in Summit Municipal Park. Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence of antibodies to Rickettsia belonging to the spotted fever group in each of the three study areas, in addition to presenting evidence of the typhus group Rickettsia in El Valle de Anton. These areas could be considered endemic for rickettsiosis as there are conditions for maintaining them.


Introducción. Desde mediados del siglo pasado, se conocen en Panamá casos de rickettsiosis, cuando fueron reportados brotes de tifus en ratones y de fiebres manchadas. A partir de entonces, poca información se tiene sobre su prevalencia en este país, lo cual se debe principalmente a que son confundidos con otras enfermedades. Objetivos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue demostrar la presencia de rickettsiosis en humanos provenientes de tres localidades de Panamá, que corresponden a zonas agropecuarias, cercanas a bosques, o que trabajaban en zoológicos. Materiales y métodos. Se escogieron tres localidades para este estudio: Tortí (provincia de Panamá), El Valle de Antón (provincia de Coclé) y el Parque Municipal Summit en Ciudad de Panamá. Los voluntarios firmaron un consentimiento informado, además de responder un cuestionario. De cada voluntario se extrajo sangre venosa, la que fue analizada por medio de inmunoflorescencia indirecta, utilizando kits comerciales y láminas sensibilizadas con antígenos cultivados de Rickettsia rickettsii y Rickettsia amblyommii . Resultados. Se tomaron muestras de 97 voluntarios, 25 en Tortí, 37 en El Valle de Antón y 35 en el Parque Municipal Summit. De estos, 38 (39 %) de las muestras fueron positivas en algunas de las dos técnicas practicadas: 8 (32 %) en Tortí, 18 (48 %) en El Valle y 12 (34 %) en el Parque Municipal Summit. Conclusión. Se demuestra una alta prevalencia de anticuerpos contra Rickettsia del grupo de las fiebres manchadas en las tres áreas de estudio, además de presentarse evidencia de títulos para Rickettsia del grupo tifus en El Valle de Antón. Estas zonas podrían considerarse como endémicas por rickettsiosis, ya que existen condiciones que permiten el mantenimiento de las mismas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Rickettsia/immunology , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/epidemiology , Animals, Zoo/parasitology , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Arachnid Vectors/microbiology , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Endemic Diseases , Environmental Exposure , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Forests , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Ixodidae/microbiology , Occupational Exposure , Panama/epidemiology , Pets/parasitology , Rural Population , Rickettsia Infections/immunology , Rickettsia rickettsii/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Species Specificity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tick Bites/microbiology , Tick Infestations/epidemiology , Tick Infestations/prevention & control , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Urban Population
10.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 33(supl.1): 38-51, set. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695795

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las rickettsias son bacterias patógenas usualmente transmitidas por ectoparásitos, como garrapatas, piojos o pulgas. En la última década se presentaron tres brotes de rickettsiosis con casos fatales en la región noroccidental de Antioquia y en un municipio limítrofe de Córdoba. Objetivo. Describir la ecología y la epidemiología de las infecciones por Rickettsia spp. en el Urabá antioqueño. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvieron muestras de 354 roedores y se recolectaron 839 ectoparásitos de estos en los municipios de Apartadó, Turbo y Necoclí. Asimismo, se obtuvieron 220 sueros humanos. Estas muestras fueron estudiadas por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) e inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) para la detección de infección por rickettsias. Resultados. Por IFI se detectaron anticuerpos antirickettsias en 130 (43 %) de los roedores y en 53 (24 %) de los sueros humanos estudiados. Además, se amplificaron secuencias del gen gltA específicas del género Rickettsia en 23 (6,8 %) muestras de hígado de roedores, las cuales mostraron una similitud del 98,7 % con R. prowazekii . Una secuencia de gltA obtenida de larvas de garrapatas del género Amblyomma sp., tuvo una identidad mayor de 99 % con las secuencias de R. tamurae . Conclusión. Estos resultados demuestran la circulación de rickettsias en roedores, ectoparásitos y humanos en los municipios estudiados.


Introduction: Rickettsia spp. are tick, flea or lice-borne pathogenic bacterium, usually carried by rodents. In the last decade three outbreaks of rickettsial disease including fatalities, occurred in the provinces of Antioquia and Córdoba in northwestern Colombia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform an ecological and epidemiological description of the Rickettsia spp infection in the recently affected region of Colombia. Materials and methods: Samples were obtained from 354 rodents and their parasites captured in the municipalities of Apartadó, Turbo and Necoclí. Likewise, 220 human sera were also collected, for detection of infection by Rickettsia spp. Results: Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) revealed that 130 (43%) of the rodents and 53 (24%) of the humans produced antibodies to Rickettsia spp. Additionally, rickettsial DNA was amplified by PCR from 23 (6.8%) rodent liver samples using primers directed to the genus specific gltA gene. While gltA sequences from rodent samples exhibited a 98.7% similitude with R . prowazekii, a sequence amplified from larvae of Amblyomma sp exhibited identities of >99% similarity with R. tamurae . Conclusion: These results demonstrate the presence of rickettsia in rodents, ectoparasites and humans throughout the municipalities studied.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Arachnid Vectors/microbiology , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Rickettsia/isolation & purification , Rodentia/parasitology , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Colombia/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Endemic Diseases , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Larva/microbiology , Liver/microbiology , Mites/microbiology , Phylogeny , Rickettsia Infections/blood , Rickettsia Infections/transmission , Rickettsia Infections/veterinary , Rickettsia/genetics , Rickettsia/immunology , Rodentia/blood , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Tick Infestations/epidemiology , Ticks/microbiology
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 44(3): 313-317, May-June 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-593356

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Spotted fevers are emerging zoonoses caused by Rickettsia species in the spotted fever group (SFG). Rickettsia rickettsii is the main etiologic agent of Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) and it is transmitted by Amblyomma spp. ticks. METHODS: The study aimed to investigate SFG rickettsiae in the Arthur Thomas Municipal Park in Londrina, PR, by collecting free-living ticks and ticks from capybaras and blood samples from personnel working in these areas. Samples from A. dubitatum and A. cajennense were submitted for PCR in pools to analyze the Rickettsia spp. gltA (citrate synthase gene). RESULTS: All the pools analyzed were negative. Human sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay with R. rickettsii and R. parkeri as antigens. Among the 34 sera analyzed, seven (20.6 percent) were reactive for R. rickettsii: four of these had endpoint titers equal to 64, 2 titers were 128 and 1 titer was 256. None of the samples were reactive for R. parkeri. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to the park staff, but no statistically significant associations were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The serological studies suggest the presence of Rickettsiae related to SFG that could be infecting the human population studied; however, analysis of the ticks collected was unable to determine which species may be involved in transmission to humans.


INTRODUÇÃO: A febre maculosa é uma zoonose emergente causada por espécies de Rickettsia do grupo febre maculosa (GFM). Rickettsia rickettsii é o principal agente etiológico da febre maculosa brasileira (FMB) e é transmitida por Amblyomma spp. MÉTODOS: Com o objetivo de obter informações sobre GFM Rickettsiae no Parque Municipal Arthur Thomas em Londrina, PR, carrapatos de vida livre e de capivaras foram coletados, assim como amostras de sangue das pessoas que trabalham no parque. A. dubitatum e A. cajennense foram submetidos à PCR em pools para analises de Rickettsia spp. gltA (citrate synthase gene). RESULTADOS: Todos os pools de carrapatos analizados foram negativos. Soros de humanos foram testados pela imunofluorescência indireta com antigenos de R. rickettsii e R. parkeri. Entre os 34 soros analisados, 7 (20,6 por cento) foram positivos para R. rickettsii. Destes, quatro apresentaram títulos iguais a 64, dois iguais a 128 e um, igual a 256, mas nenhum soro reagiu com R. parkeri. Não houve nenhuma associação, estatisticamente significante, entre as variáveis analisadas no questionário epidemiológico fornecido às pessoas que participaram da pesquisa. CONCLUSÕES: Os estudos sorológicos sugerem a presença de alguma Rickettsiae relacionada ao GFM que poderiam estar infectando a população humana estudada. Entretanto, as análises dos carrapatos foram inconclusivas para determinar qual espécie poderia estar envolvida na transmissão para os humanos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Disease Reservoirs/microbiology , Rickettsia/isolation & purification , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/epidemiology , Rodentia/parasitology , Ticks/microbiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease Reservoirs/classification , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Public Facilities , Rickettsia/classification , Rickettsia/genetics , Rickettsia/immunology , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/transmission , Ticks/classification , Urban Population
12.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(4): 222-227, Oct.-Dec. 2010. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604675

ABSTRACT

Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is a vector-borne zoonosis caused by Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria. Dogs can be host sentinels for this bacterium. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of antibodies against Rickettsia spp. in dogs from the city of São José dos Pinhais, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil, where a human case of BSF was first reported in the state. Between February 2006 and July 2007, serum samples from 364 dogs were collected and tested at 1:64 dilutions by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri. All sera that reacted at least to one of Rickettsia species were tested against the six main Rickettsia species identified in Brazil: R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. bellii, R. rhipicephali, R. amblyommii and R. felis. Sixteen samples (4.4 percent) reacted to at least one Rickettsia species. Among positive animals, two dogs (15.5 percent) showed suggestive titers for R. bellii exposure. One sample had a homologous reaction to R. felis, a confirmed human pathogen. Although Rickettsia spp. circulation in dogs in the area studied may be considered at low prevalence, suggesting low risk of human infection, the present data demonstrate for the first time the exposure of dogs to R. bellii and R. felis in Southern Brazil.


A febre maculosa brasileira (FMB) é uma zoonose veiculada por carrapatos e causada pela bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii, podendo os cães ser hospedeiros sentinelas para essa bactéria. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a presença de anticorpos contra Rickettsia spp. em cães de São José dos Pinhais, estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil. Entre fevereiro de 2006 e julho de 2007, amostras séricas de 364 cães foram coletadas e testadas na diluição de 1:64 por Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) contra R. rickettsii e R. parkeri. Todos os soros reagentes para pelo menos uma espécie de Rickettsia foram testados contra as seis principais espécies de Rickettsia identificadas no Brasil: R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. bellii, R. rhipicephali, R. amblyommii e R. felis. Dezesseis amostras (4,4 por cento) reagiram para pelo menos uma espécie de Rickettsia. Dos animais positivos, dois cães (15,5 por cento) apresentaram títulos sugestivos de exposição a R. bellii. Uma amostra apresentou reação homóloga frente à R. felis, um agente patogênico confirmado para seres humanos. Muito embora os resultados demonstrem uma baixa prevalência de Rickettsia spp. em cães, sugerindo um baixo risco de infecção humana, este estudo relatou pela primeira vez a evidência de exposição a R. bellii e R. felis em cães no Sul do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Dog Diseases/blood , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dogs/blood , Rickettsia/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/blood , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Rickettsia felis/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies
13.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 19(4): 259-261, Oct.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604683

ABSTRACT

Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is an emerging disease most likely caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. The objective of the present study was to estimate the seroprevalence of BSF rickettsia infections in equines from six horse farms located in Londrina County, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Six owners of horse farms situated in Cambé, Santa Fé, Guaraci and Londrina municipalities participated in the study. All farms were located in areas where BSF has not been reported. A total of 273 horses were sampled and their sera were tested by indirect Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using R. rickettsii and R. parkeri antigens. Titers equal to and greater than 64 were considered positive. Of 273 sera tested, 15 (5.5 percent) reacted to R. rickettsii and 5 (1.8 percent) to R. parkeri. Five out of the six farms studied revealed seropositive animals and seropositivity rate ranged from 0 to 13 percent. The titers ranged from 64 to 512, and four samples had a titer of 512. Nine animals reacted to R. rickettsii with titers four-fold higher than those for R. parkeri. These results suggest that horses in Northern Paraná may have been exposed to rickettsiae identical or closely related to R. rickettsii.


Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma doença emergente, sendo Rickettsia rickettsii o seu principal agente etiológico. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a soroprevalência de rickettsia do grupo da febre maculosa em equinos de seis haras localizados nos municípios de Cambé, Santa Fé, Guaraci e Londrina. As propriedades eram localizadas na região Norte do Paraná onde casos de FMB ainda não foram diagnosticados. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 273 equinos, e os soros foram testados pela RIFI, usando R. rickettsii e R. parkeri como antígenos, considerando-se como positivos títulos >64. Entre 273 soros, 15 (5,5 por cento) reagiram contra R. rickettsii e 5 (1,8 por cento) para R. parkeri. Cinco de seis haras estudados tinham animais reativos, e a taxa de sororreatividade variou de 0 a 13 por cento. Os títulos variaram de 64 para 512, e três amostras apresentaram título de 512. Nove animais reagiram para R. rickettsii com títulos quatro vezes maiores que para R. parkeri. Esses resultados sugerem que equinos no Norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, podem ter sido expostos a uma rickettsia idêntica ou muito próxima a R. rickettsii.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Horse Diseases/blood , Horses/blood , Rickettsia Infections/veterinary , Rickettsia/immunology , Brazil , Horse Diseases/epidemiology , Rickettsia Infections/blood , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 62(4): 1007-1010, Aug. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562074

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of anti-Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Belo Horizonte, MG. For this purpose, serum samples from 453 dogs were collected during the rabies vaccination campaign and tested by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using five antigens: Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia amblyommii, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri, and Rickettsia felis. The endpoint titer reacting with each antigen was determined and serum was considered positive if it reacted at the 1:64 dilution. Serum showing titer for a Rickettsia species at least four-fold higher than that observed for any other Rickettsia species was considered homologous to the first Rickettsia species. Only three (0.66%) dogs reacted positively to at least one Rickettsia species and one serum showed to be homologous to R. rickettsii. These results showed a low prevalence of antibodies anti-Rickettsia spp. in dogs from Belo Horizonte city. However, other serosurvey needs to be performed for surveillance of the endemic status of the disease in the municipal district.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Rickettsia/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Brazil/epidemiology , Dogs
15.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 51(6): 337-339, Oct.-Dec. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-539453

ABSTRACT

We report three new rickettsiosis human cases in Uruguay. The three clinical cases presented clinical manifestations similar to previous reported cases of Rickettsia parkeri in the United States; that is mild fever (< 40 ºC), malaise, headache, rash, inoculation eschar at the tick bite site, regional lymphadenopathy, and no lethality. Serological antibody-absorption tests with purified antigens of R. parkeri and Rickettsia rickettsii, associated with immunofluorescence assay indicated that the patients in two cases were infected by R. parkeri. Epidemiological and clinical evidences, coupled with our serological analysis, suggest that R. parkeri is the etiological agent of human cases of spotted fever in Uruguay, a disease that has been recognized in that country as cutaneous-ganglionar rickettsiosis.


São relatados três novos casos humanos de rickettsiose no Uruguai. Os três casos clínicos apresentam manifestações clínicas semelhantes às descritas em casos de infecção por Rickettsia parkeri previamente relatados nos Estados Unidos, tais como: febre moderada (< 40 ºC), mal-estar, cefaléia, exantema, escara de inoculação no sítio de fixação do carrapato, linfadenopatia regional e ausência de letalidade. Testes sorológicos de absorção de anticorpos com antígenos de R. parkeri e Rickettsia rickettsii, associados à reação de imunofluorescência indireta, sugerem que os pacientes de dois casos foram infectados por R. parkeri. Evidências clínicas e epidemiológicas, associadas com nossas análises sorológicas, sugerem que R. parkeri é o agente etiológico de casos humanos de febre maculosa no Uruguai, uma doença que tem sido reconhecida naquele país como rickettsiose cutâneo-ganglionar.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Rickettsia Infections/microbiology , Rickettsia/immunology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia/classification , Uruguay
16.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 50(5): 297-301, Sept.-Oct. 2008. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-495766

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the infection by spotted fever rickettsia in an endemic area for Brazilian spotted fever (BSF; caused by Rickettsia rickettsii) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Human, canine and equine sera samples, and Amblyomma cajennense adult ticks collected in a rural area of Itabira City, Minas Gerais State were tested for rickettsial infection. Through Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) we demonstrated the presence of antibodies anti-R. rickettsii in 8.2 percent, 81.3 percent and 100 percent of the human, canine and equine sera, respectively. None of the 356 tick specimens analyzed were positive for Rickettsia by the hemolymph test or Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (PCR) for the htrA and the gltA genes. Our serological results on horses and dogs (sentinels for BSF) appoint for the circulation of a SFG Rickettsia in the study area, however in a very low infection rate among the A. cajennense tick population.


O presente estudo investigou a infecção por rickéttsias do grupo da febre maculosa (GFM) em área endêmica para febre maculosa brasileira (FMB; causada por Rickettsia rickettsii) no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Amostras de soros de humanos, cães e eqüídeos, e carrapatos Amblyomma cajennense adultos colhidos em um povoado rural em Itabira, Minas Gerais foram testados para infecção por Rickettsia. Pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) foram detectados anticorpos anti-R. rickettsii em 8,2 por cento dos soros humanos, 81,3 por cento dos cães e em 100 por cento dos eqüídeos. Nenhum dos 356 carrapatos se mostrou positivo para Rickettsia no teste de hemolinfa e na reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) objetivando amplificar fragmentos de DNA dos genes htrA and the gltA. Os resultados sorológicos em eqüinos e cães (sentinelas para FMB) apontam para a circulação de uma rickéttsia do GFM na área do estudo, porém, numa freqüência de infecção muito baixa na população do carrapato A. cajennense.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Humans , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Endemic Diseases , Insect Vectors/microbiology , Rickettsia , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/epidemiology , Ticks/microbiology , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Horses , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Population Surveillance , Rickettsia/genetics , Rickettsia/immunology , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/diagnosis , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/veterinary
17.
Cad. saúde pública ; 24(2): 247-252, fev. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-474264

ABSTRACT

The present study provides a rickettsial serosurvey in 25 dogs and 35 humans in an endemic area for Brazilian spotted fever in the State of São Paulo, where the tick Amblyomma aureolatum is the main vector. Testing canine and human sera by indirect immunofluorescence against four Rickettsia antigens (R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. felis and R. bellii) showed that 16 (64 percent) of canine sera and 1 (2.8 percent) of human sera reacted to at least one of these rickettsial antigens with titers ³ 64. Seven canine sera and the single reactive human serum showed titers to R. rickettsii at least four times those of any of the other three antigens. The antibody titers in these 7 animals and 1 human were attributed to stimulation by R. rickettsii infection. No positive canine or human serum was attributed to stimulation by R. parkeri, R. felis, or R. bellii. Our serological results showed that dogs are important sentinels for the presence of R. rickettsii in areas where the tick A. aureolatum is the main vector of Brazilian spotted fever.


Este estudo avaliou a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Rickettsia em 25 cães e 35 humanos, em uma área endêmica para a febre maculosa brasileira no Estado de São Paulo, onde o principal vetor é o carrapato Amblyomma aureolatum. Soros dos cães e humanos foram testados pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta contra quatro antígenos de riquétsias (R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. felis, R. bellii), mostrando que soros de 16 (64 por cento) cães e 1 (2,8 por cento) humano reagiram com títulos ³ 64 para pelo menos um dos antígenos de riquétsias. Sete soros caninos e o único soro humano reativo demonstraram títulos para R. rickettsii no mínimo quatro vezes maior do que aqueles para os outros antígenos de riquétsias. Os títulos de anticorpos nesses cães e um humano foram considerados homólogos a R. rickettsii, enquanto que nenhum soro de cão ou humano foi considerado reativamente homólogo para R. parkeri, R. felis ou R. bellii. Os resultados sorológicos mostraram que cães são importantes sentinelas para a presença da bactéria R. rickettsii em áreas onde o carrapato A. aureolatum é o principal vetor da febre maculosa brasileira.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dogs , Antibodies , Endemic Diseases , Tick-Borne Diseases , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/epidemiology , Rickettsia/immunology , Brazil , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Disease Vectors
18.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 67(6): 723-726, nov.-dic. 2007. ilus, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633498

ABSTRACT

Se comunica un caso de fiebre manchada por rickettsia autóctono del delta del Paraná correspondiente a la provincia de Buenos Aires. Luego de cinco días de haber permanecido en una región cercana a la localidad de ingeniero Otamendi, partido de Campana, el paciente presentó un síndrome febril agudo caracterizado por hipertermia con escalofríos y sudoración, mialgias, cefalea, astenia y discreta odinofagia, seguido a las 72 horas por un exantema maculopapuloso congestivo con elementos purpúricos, de distribución universal. En la región preauricular izquierda se observaba una lesión papuloerosiva, producida cinco días antes de iniciada la fiebre por una garrapata adquirida en el lugar. El cuadro clínico remitió rápidamente con la administración de doxiciclina. Por inmunofluorescencia indirecta se identificaron anticuerpos reactivos contra el grupo de rickettsias causantes de fiebres manchadas (CDC, Atlanta, EE.UU.). Se realizan consideraciones sobre la especie de rickettsia, el vector involucrado y la posibilidad que la enfermedad fuera debida a Rickettsia parkeri.


We describe a case of rickettsial spotted fever in the Paraná Delta region of Buenos Aires province in Argentina. The patient developed an acute febrile syndrome characterized by myalgias, headache, asthenia and moderate odynophagia, followed by a diffuse macular, papular, and purpuric exanthema. The patient had been bitten recently by a tick on the left preauricular region and an erosive papular lesion was evident at the bite site. An indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay identified antibodies reactive with spotted fever group rickettsiae in the patient's serum. The patient improved rapidly with doxycycline. Several considerations relating to the identity of the rickettsial species and tick vector are discussed, including the possibility that this patient's illness may have been caused by Rickettsia parkeri.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/diagnosis , Argentina , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Rickettsia/immunology , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/drug therapy
19.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 102(7): 793-801, Nov. 2007. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470345

ABSTRACT

This study investigated rickettsial infection in animals, humans, ticks, and fleas collected in five areas of the state of São Paulo. Eight flea species (Adoratopsylla antiquorum antiquorum, Ctenocephalides felis felis, Polygenis atopus, Polygenis rimatus, Polygenis roberti roberti, Polygenis tripus, Rhopalopsyllus lugubris, and Rhopalopsyllus lutzi lutzi), and five tick species (Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma cajennense, Amblyomma dubitatum, Ixodes loricatus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus) were collected from dogs, cats, and opossums. Rickettsia felis was the only rickettsia found infecting fleas, whereas Rickettsia bellii was the only agent infecting ticks, but no animal or human blood was shown to contain rickettsial DNA. Testing animal and human sera by indirect immunofluorescence assay against four rickettsia antigens (R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. felis, and R. bellii), some opossum, dog, horse, and human sera reacted to R. rickettsii with titers at least four-fold higher than to the other three rickettsial antigens. These sera were considered to have a predominant antibody response to R. rickettsii. Using the same criteria, opossum, dog, and horse sera showed predominant antibody response to R. parkeri or a very closely related genotype. Our serological results suggest that both R. rickettsii and R. parkeri infected animals and/or humans in the studied areas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Humans , Endemic Diseases , Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology , Antibodies, Bacterial , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Siphonaptera/microbiology , Horses/microbiology , Opossums/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/veterinary , Rickettsia/genetics , Rickettsia/immunology , Rickettsia/isolation & purification , Ticks/microbiology
20.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 100(8): 853-859, Dec. 2005. mapas, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-419951

ABSTRACT

Rickettsial diseases except those belonging to spotted fever group rickettsioses are poorly studied in South America particularly in Brazil where few epidemiological reports have been published. We describe a serosurvey for Rickettsia rickettsii, R. typhi, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, B. quintana, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in 437 healthy people from a Brazilian rural community. The serum samples were tested by indirected micro-immunoflourescence technique and a cutoff titer of 1:64 was used. The seroprevalence rates for R. rickettsii, R. typhi, C. burnetii, B. henselae, B. quintana, and E. chaffeensis were respectively 1.6 percent (7 samples); 1.1 percent (5 samples); 3.9 percent (17 samples); 13.7 percent (60 samples); 12.8 percent (56 samples), and 10.5 percent (46 samples). Frequent multiple/cross-reactivity was observed in this study. Age over 40 years old, urban profession, and rural residence were significantly associated with some but not all infections rate. Low seropositivity rates for R. rickettsii, R. typhi, and C. burnetii contrasted with higher rates of seropositivity for B. quintana, B. henselae, and E. chaffeensis. These results show that all tested rickettsial species or antigenically closely related possible exist in this particular region.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Gram-Negative Bacteria/immunology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Antigens, Bacterial , Bartonella/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross Reactions , Coxiella burnetii/immunology , Ehrlichia chaffeensis/immunology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Rural Population , Rickettsia/immunology , Seroepidemiologic Studies
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